What is the main active ingredient in most chemical hair relaxers?

The main active ingredient in most chemical hair relaxers is sodium hydroxide. This compound is widely used because of its strong alkali properties that effectively break down the protein structure of the hair, allowing it to relax and straighten. Sodium hydroxide works by penetrating the hair shaft, disrupting the disulfide bonds that give hair its curl pattern.

This process is crucial for achieving smooth and straight hair textures, especially for clients with naturally curly or frizzy hair. While calcium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide, and ammonium thioglycolate are also used in hair treatments, they typically serve different purposes or are found in specific formulations that are less common for the general chemical relaxing process. Sodium hydroxide remains the most prevalent choice among salon products aimed at permanent hair straightening.